Film Screening—Deepa Mehta's Midnight's Children

 

This blog is based on Midnight's children by Salman Rushdie and also film screening and this task was assigned by Dilip Barad sir. 

Belonging in a Postcolonial Nation: Reflections on Midnight’s Children (Film & Novel)


In Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, history is not written by the victors alone it is contested, reimagined, and “pickled” in the memories of the marginalized. Saleem Sinai’s life, from his midnight birth at the moment of India’s independence, unfolds as an allegory of a postcolonial nation’s struggle with hybrid identity, fractured narratives, and the politics of language. Watching Deepa Mehta’s 2012 film adaptation through a postcolonial lens reveals how personal and national histories entwine in a dance of memory, loss, and reinvention.

Scene/Event

Character Focus

Postcolonial Theme

Theoretical Lens

Saleem & Shiva birth swap

Saleem, Shiva, Mary

Hybridity, Class Reversal

Homi K. Bhabha's Third Space

Midnight’s Children conference

Saleem + Others

Pan-national unity, Language Divide

Rushdie’s Chutnification

Indo-Pak Wars & Memory Loss

Saleem

National trauma, Identity Crisis

Chatterjee’s Fragmented Nation

Parvati’s pregnancy by Shiva

Parvati, Shiva, Saleem

Interpersonal-political crossover

Postmodern dislocation

Emergency and sterilizations

Saleem, Shiva, Govt.

Suppression of dissent, lost futures

Postcolonial authoritarianism critique

Final chutney factory reunion

Saleem, Mary, Aadam

Memory, regeneration, storytelling

Rushdie’s metaphor of pickling history

Pre-Viewing: Setting the Lens

Before approaching the film, I engaged with three central questions that shaped my critical perspective:

  1. Who narrates history?
    In most official accounts, history reflects the voices of those in power. In Midnight’s Children, however, Saleem reclaims history for the displaced, the overlooked, and the forgotten. His narrative reminds us that memory especially the memory of the marginalized  is a powerful corrective to the silences of state-approved histories.

  2. What makes a nation?
    The film suggests that India cannot be defined solely by geography, governance, or political institutions. Rather, it emerges as a patchwork quilt of cultures, religions, languages, and memories often contradictory, sometimes conflicting, yet bound together by shared moments of trauma and triumph.

  3. Can language be decolonized?
    Rushdie’s “chutnification” of English blends Indian idioms, food metaphors, and vernacular rhythms into the colonizer’s tongue, transforming it into something hybrid, resistant, and unmistakably local. The act of “chutnifying” English becomes not just a stylistic flourish but a form of political resistance against linguistic dominance.

While-Viewing: Observations

Opening Scene
The film opens with Saleem’s voiceover (spoken by Rushdie himself), explicitly fusing his personal birth with the birth of the nation. This deliberate conflation underscores the central metaphor: individual identity and national identity are inseparable, each shaping and distorting the other.

Saleem & Shiva’s Switch at Birth
Mary Pereira’s fateful act of swapping the babies hybridizes identity on multiple levels:

  • Biologically: Each boy inherits a genetic lineage meant for the other.

  • Socially: Saleem is raised in wealth despite his poor origins, while Shiva grows up in poverty despite his privileged birth.

  • Politically: Their personal fates are altered by a private act of rebellion against class inequality.
    This mirrors Bhabha’s “Third Space,” where identity is formed in the overlap of competing cultural and historical forces.


Narration
The metafictional device of Rushdie narrating the story himself blurs boundaries between author, narrator, and character. This self-awareness makes the viewer constantly question the reliability of both history and storytelling.


The Emergency
The film’s depiction of Indira Gandhi’s 1975–77 Emergency  with its suspension of democratic freedoms and mass sterilization campaigns critiques the fragility of democracy in post-independence India. It shows how power, once again, can silence dissent and suppress diversity, echoing colonial patterns of control.


Language
The constant interplay of English, Hindi, and Urdu, often within the same scene, reflects a living negotiation between colonial legacy and cultural assertion. This code-switching becomes part of the film’s texture, resisting the idea that English must remain a “pure” foreign import.

Post-Viewing: Themes and Analysis

1. Hybridity and Identity

Saleem and Shiva are living embodiments of hybrid identity:

  • Saleem is culturally privileged but biologically poor.

  • Shiva is biologically privileged but socially marginalized.
    Their lives reveal hybridity not as confusion or dilution, but as a space of possibility where contradictions coexist, producing new forms of selfhood.

2. Narrating the Nation

Through Saleem’s memories, the film rewrites the history of India in a non-linear, fragmentary form. It resists Eurocentric models of nationhood that rely on linear progress, territorial uniformity, and rigid binary identities (e.g., Hindu/Muslim, colonizer/colonized).

Historical–Personal Timeline

This fragmentation supports Chatterjee’s claim that Indian nationalism was hybrid from its inception  shaped as much by local histories as by anti-colonial struggle.

Year/Event

Historical Context

Saleem’s Life Event

1947 – Independence

End of British colonial rule

Saleem & Shiva born, switched at birth

1965 – Indo-Pakistani War

Rising nationalism

Saleem’s amnesia, Sundarban exile

1975 – Emergency declared

Authoritarian suspension of rights

Midnight’s Children sterilized

Post-1977

Return to democracy

Saleem writes his chronicle


Critical Insights: Film as Text, Text as Protest

1. Hybridity as Power, Not Confusion

The film's central birth switch isn't just a plot device; it’s an allegory for postcolonial hybridity. Saleem and Shiva one rich by accident, the other poor by fate embody Bhabha’s notion of the Third Space, where identity is negotiated, not inherited (Bhabha 112). Their destinies challenge essentialist notions of culture, class, and even nation.

2. Narrating the Nation Through a Child's Eyes

Saleem's unreliable but eloquent narration subverts official history. His magical realism fractures linear storytelling, echoing Chatterjee’s claim that Indian nationalism diverges from European models and must account for inner contradictions (Chatterjee 5). The personal becomes political and vice versa.

3. Language as Resistance: The Chutnification of English

Rushdie's language, both in the novel and film narration, is a rebellious stew of English, Hindi, and Urdu. The film continues this chutnification, defying linguistic purity and colonial hierarchy. As Rushdie writes, We are not your monkeys anymore (Rushdie, Imaginary Homelands). His English is no longer the Queen’s it’s India’s.

3. Chutnification of English

Rushdie’s prose in the novel and dialogue in the film mix English with vernacular languages, food metaphors, and cultural idioms. Describing memories as “pickled” resists the flat neutrality of standard English. Translating such phrases into “proper” English removes not only cultural flavor but also political force  showing that chutnification is an act of reclaiming and reshaping linguistic power.

When the Personal Is Political

What happens when history isn’t just a backdrop, but something you're born into quite literally? This is the central premise of Midnight’s Children (2012), Deepa Mehta’s ambitious film adaptation of Salman Rushdie’s landmark 1981 novel. As part of our postgraduate curriculum on postcolonial cinema and literature, this screening served not merely as entertainment or literary translation, but as a pedagogical journey into the politics of identity, language, and nationhood.

With a screenplay by Rushdie himself and narration that reimagines the novel’s metafictional framework, the film weaves magical realism into the gritty fabric of Indian history. It captures the oscillating fates of individuals handcuffed to the whims of national destiny all through the eyes of Saleem Sinai, a child born at the stroke of India's independence in 1947.

Adaptation & Aesthetic: What the Film Gains and Loses

The film though ambitious inevitably compresses the novel’s vast sprawl. Subplots are trimmed; minor characters disappear. The result is a narrative that sometimes feels rushed. Yet what is gained is visual lyricism: the lush cinematography of Kashmir, the rich mise-en-scène of 1940s Bombay, and the symbolic imagery (like the pickle jars and Shiva’s boots) all convey what words cannot.

The brief appearance of the Mother India (1957) poster is no accident. If Nargis's iconic film celebrates a stoic, suffering Bharat Mata, Midnight’s Children offers a cosmopolitan critique urban, skeptical, and politically astute. Mehta and Rushdie challenge not only colonial power but also nationalist sentimentality.

Final Scene: Chutney, Memory, and New Beginnings

The final scene Saleem tasting a familiar chutney and reuniting with Mary circles back to the idea of memory as preservation. Just like chutney pickles flavor and keeps perishable items, Saleem’s narration pickles history, capturing its contradictions, stings, and sweetness. His son Aadam’s first word signals the possibility of renewal a new story, a new India, still gestating.

Final Reflection: A Nation in Fragments, a Story Whole

Watching Midnight’s Children is like tasting a spice-laden curry overwhelming, messy, yet unforgettable. The film reminds us that postcolonial identity is not a resolution but a dialogue, often painful, always evolving.

Rushdie and Mehta have not merely adapted a book. They have filmed a nation’s fractured soul its hope, horror, and hybridity through magical realism and cinematic boldness.

Conclusion: Belonging in a Colonizer’s Tongue

To belong in a postcolonial nation is to inhabit multiple, often conflicting histories some inherited, others resisted. Midnight’s Children demonstrates that English, once a colonial instrument, can be transformed into a vehicle for resistance, creativity, and cultural self-definition.

Rushdie’s narrative refuses purity, embracing instead the messy, overlapping realities of memory, identity, and language. In this context, belonging is not about singular origin but about constant negotiation  between past and present, self and nation, tradition and change.

In telling his own story in his own rhythm chutnified, metafictional, and unapologetically hybrid  Saleem Sinai embodies the act of political defiance that defines postcolonial identity. He reminds us that fractured identities do not silence us; they give us more voices with which to speak.




References : 

Midnight's Children, Directed byMehta Deepa, David Hemilton  Doug Monkoff  Steven Silver  Neil Tabatznik  Andrew Spaulding, 2012.

Mullan, John. "Salman Rushdie on the writing of Midnight's Children,The Guardian, 26 July 2008.

Rushdie, Salman. Midnight’s Children. Jonathan Cape, 1981.



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